Which cells in the nervous system support, nourish, and protect neurons?

• A. Neurons
• B. Glial Cells
• C. Astrocytes
• D. Oligodendrocytes

Answer: (B)

Glial cells are the cells that support, nourish, and protect neurons. Neurons are the signaling units, but they rely on glial cells to provide nutrients, maintain the chemical environment around them, and defend the nervous system. For example, astrocytes connect neurons to blood vessels and help regulate ions and neurotransmitters; oligodendrocytes in the CNS wrap axons with myelin to speed up signal transmission; and microglia act as immune defenders. Because the question is asking for the general group that carries out these protective and nourishing roles, the broad category of glial cells is the best fit. Neurons themselves don’t provide nourishment or protection, and astrocytes or oligodendrocytes are specific types within the glial family rather than the general category.