Which set of stages belongs to the Conventional level?

• A. Stages 1 and 2
• B. Stages 5 and 6
• C. Stage 7 and 8
• D. Stages 3 and 4

Answer: (D)

Conventional level is about conforming to social norms and fulfilling duties to others and to society. At this stage, moral reasoning centers on how actions affect relationships and whether they align with what others expect, as well as the need to maintain social order. In the first stage of this level, people focus on being seen as good and likable—doing what will earn approval from others and be considered trustworthy. In the second stage, the emphasis shifts to duty and rules—obeying laws and following social obligations to keep the community functioning smoothly. Together, these reflect a concern with social expectations and duties rather than personal gain or abstract principles. Stages that come before emphasize avoiding punishment or pursuing self-interest, while stages after involve broader principles and social contracts, which are not part of the conventional level.