Which theory posits that behavior arises from physiological needs that create internal drives to reduce tension and arousal?

• A. Drive-Reduction Theory
• B. Intrinsic Motivation
• C. Primary Drives
• D. Acquired Drives

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is that motivation starts from a physiological need that creates an internal drive, and the behavior we choose serves to reduce that drive and restore balance. When a bodily need like hunger or thirst arises, a drive state emerges—an uncomfortable, tension-filled urge. We act in ways that satisfy the need (eating or drinking), which lowers the drive and brings us back to a comfortable, balanced state. This is why you’re motivated to seek food or water even before you feel full, simply to reduce the physiological tension.

This framework is often linked to innate biological needs, and it contrasts with intrinsic motivation, which is driven by interest or enjoyment rather than any internal tension, or with acquired drives, which are learned rather than stemming directly from a physiological need.